1. [Intangiriro]
Tellurium ni ikintu cy’icyuma gifite ikimenyetso cya Te. Tellurium ni kristu y’ifeza y’umweru ya rhombohedral, ishongeshwa muri aside sulfuriki, aside nitrike, aqua regia, potasiyumu cyanide na potassium hydroxide, idashobora gushonga mu mazi akonje n’ashyushye na disulfide ya karuboni. Tellurium ifite isuku nyinshi yabonetse hakoreshejwe ifu ya tellurium nk’ibikoresho fatizo hanyuma ikayikuramo ikanayitunganya na sodium polysulfide. Isuku yari 99.999%. Ku bikoresho bya semiconductor, alloys, ibikoresho fatizo bya chimique n’inyongera mu nganda nka icyuma gishongeshejwe, rubber, ikirahure, nibindi.
2. [Ibidukikije]
Tellurium ifite allotropy ebyiri, ari zo ifu y'umukara, tellurium idahinduka n'umweru w'ifeza, icyuma gishyuha, na tellurium ifite kristale ya hexagonal. Semiconductor, bandgap 0.34 ev.
Muri allotropy ebyiri za tellurium, imwe ni kristalo, icyuma, umweru w'ifeza kandi iracikagurika, isa na antimoni, indi ni ifu idahinduka, imvi yijimye. Ubucucike buri hagati, ishonga nke kandi ishyuha. Ntabwo ari icyuma, ariko itwara ubushyuhe n'amashanyarazi neza cyane. Mu bindi byose bitari icyuma, ni yo ifite icyuma cyane.
3. [Ikoreshwa]
Tellurium imwe ifite isuku nyinshi ni ubwoko bushya bw'ibikoresho bya infrared. Tellurium isanzwe yongerwa mu byuma n'umuringa kugira ngo yongere ubushobozi bwo gukora no kongera ubukana; mu cyuma cyera, tellurium isanzwe ikoreshwa nk'ikintu gikomeza karubide kugira ngo ubuso bukomere kandi budashira; icyuma cy'ubutare, kirimo tellurium nke, cyongerwa muri aluminium kugira ngo yongere ubushobozi bwo gukora no kongera ubukana bwacyo, yongera ubushobozi bwo guhangana n'ingese, irwanya kwangirika no gukomera kwacyo, kandi ikoreshwa nk'icyuma gikingira insinga zo mu mazi; kongeramo tellurium kuri slate byongera ubukana bwayo, kandi ikoreshwa mu gukora plaque za bateri n'ubwoko bwayo. Tellurium ishobora gukoreshwa nk'inyongera mu gusya peteroli no nk'igikangura mu gutegura ethylene glycol. Tellurium oxyde ikoreshwa nk'irangi mu kirahure. Tellurium ifite isuku nyinshi ishobora gukoreshwa nk'igice cyo guteranya mu bikoresho bya thermoelectric. Bismuth telluride ni ibikoresho byiza byo muri frigo. Tellurium ni Urutonde rw'ibikoresho bya semiconductor bifite ibintu byinshi bya telluride, nka cadmium telluride, mu turemangingo tw'izuba.
Muri iki gihe, inganda z’ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y’izuba zikoresha ikoranabuhanga rya cdte thin film zirimo gutera imbere vuba, bikaba bifatwa nk'imwe mu ikoranabuhanga ry’ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y’izuba rifite icyizere.
Igihe cyo kohereza: 18 Mata 2024