Menya ibyerekeye Bismuth

Bismuth ni icyuma gifite ibara ry'umweru uva kuri roza, gipfa gucika kandi cyoroshye gusya. Imiterere yacyo ya shimi irahamye. Bismuth ibaho mu buryo bw'icyuma n'imyunyungugu.
1. [Ibidukikije]
Bismuth y'umwimerere ni icyuma cyoroshye, mu gihe bismuth idasukuye yoroshye. Irakomera mu bushyuhe bw'icyumba. Amabuye yayo y'ingenzi ni bismuthinite (Bi2S5) na bismuth ocher (Bi2o5). Bismuth y'amazi irakura iyo ikomera.
Iracikagurika kandi ifite ubushobozi buke bwo gutwara amashanyarazi n'ubushyuhe. Bismuth selenide na telluride bifite ubushobozi bwo gutwara amashanyarazi.
Bismuth metal ni icyuma cy'umweru (umutuku) kuva ku muhondo woroshye, cyoroshye kugisya kandi cyoroshye kugisya; iyo ubushyuhe bw'icyumba, bismuth ntigira icyo ikora hamwe na ogisijeni cyangwa amazi kandi irahamye mu kirere. Ifite ubushobozi buke bwo gutwara amashanyarazi n'ubushyuhe; mbere bismuth yafatwaga nk'ikintu gihamye cyane gifite uburemere bunini bwa atome, ariko mu 2003, byavumbuwe ko bismuth ifite imirasire mike kandi ishobora kwangirika ikaba thallium-205 binyuze mu kubora kwa α. Igice cyayo cy'ubuzima ni imyaka 1.9X10^19, ni ukuvuga inshuro miliyari 1 z'ubuzima bw'isanzure.
2. Gushyira mu bikorwa
semiconductor
Ibice bya semiconductor bikozwe mu guhuza bismuth ifite purity nyinshi na tellurium, selenium, antimoni, nibindi, kandi kristu zikurura zikoreshwa mu gutera thermocouples, gutanga ingufu z’amashanyarazi zikoresha ubushyuhe buke no gushyira muri firigo muri thermore. Bikoreshwa mu guteranya ibyuma bikonjesha na firigo. Bismuth sulfide y’ubukorano ishobora gukoreshwa mu gukora fotoresistor mu bikoresho bikoresha fotoelectric kugira ngo yongere ubushobozi bwo kumva mu gace kagaragara.
Inganda za kirimbuzi
Bismuth ifite isuku nyinshi ikoreshwa nk'icyuma gitwara ubushyuhe cyangwa gikonjesha mu nganda za nucleus ndetse n'igikoresho cyo kurinda ibikoresho bya atome.
Ibumba ry'ikoranabuhanga
Ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki birimo bismuth nka bismuth germanate crystals ni ubwoko bushya bwa crystals zitanga urumuri zikoreshwa mu gukora ibikoresho bipima imirasire ya kirimbuzi, scanner za X-ray tomography, electro-optics, piezoelectric lasers n'ibindi bikoresho; bismuth calcium vanadium (pomegranate ferrite ni ibikoresho by'ingenzi bya microwave gyromagnetic hamwe n'ibikoresho bya magnetic cladding), bismuth oxide-doped zinc oxide varistors, bismuth-containing boundary layer high-frequency ceramic capacitors, tin-bismuth permanent magnets, bismuth titanate ceramics and powders, bismuth silicate crystals, bismuth-containing fusible glasses with bismuth and other materials retails 10 nabyo byatangiye gukoreshwa mu nganda.
Ubuvuzi
Ibinyabutabire bya Bismuth bigira ingaruka zo kugabanya ububabare, kurwanya impiswi, no kuvura indwara yo mu gifu idakira. Bismuth subcarbonate, bismuth subnitrate, na potasiyumu bismuth subrubberate bikoreshwa mu gukora imiti yo mu gifu. Ingaruka mbi z'imiti ya bismuth zikoreshwa mu kubaga kugira ngo havurwe ihungabana no guhagarika kuva amaraso. Mu buvuzi bushingiye ku maraso, ibinyabutabire bishingiye kuri bismuth bikoreshwa aho gukoresha aluminiyumu mu gukora ibikoresho birinda abarwayi kugira ngo birinde ibindi bice by'umubiri kwangirika n'imirasire. Hamwe n'iterambere ry'imiti ya bismuth, byagaragaye ko imwe mu miti ya bismuth igira ingaruka ku ndwara ya kanseri.
Inyongeramusaruro z'ibyuma
Kongeramo ingano nto ya bismuth mu cyuma bishobora kunoza imiterere y’icyuma, kandi kongeramo ingano nto ya bismuth mu cyuma gishobora gukoreshwa mu buryo busanzwe bishobora gutuma kigira imiterere nk’iy’icyuma kitagira umugese.