Uburyo bwiza bwo kweza Seleniyumu

Isuku rya seleniyumu-yera cyane (≥99.999%) ikubiyemo guhuza uburyo bwumubiri nubumara bwo gukuraho umwanda nka Te, Pb, Fe, na As. Ibikurikira ninzira zingenzi nibipimo:

1. Gukwirakwiza Vacuum

Inzira igenda:

1. Shira seleniyumu itavanze (≥99.9%) muri quartz ikomeye cyane mu itanura rya vacuum.

2. Shyushya 300-500 ° C munsi ya vacuum (1-100 Pa) muminota 60-180.

3. Imyuka ya Seleniyumu ihumeka mu byiciro bibiri (icyiciro cyo hasi hamwe nuduce twa Pb / Cu, icyiciro cyo hejuru cyo gukusanya seleniyumu).

4. Kusanya seleniyumu kuva konderasi yo hejuru; 碲 (Te) nindi myanda itetse cyane iguma murwego rwo hasi.

Ibipimo:

- Ubushyuhe: 300-500 ° C.

- Umuvuduko: 1-100 Pa

- Ibikoresho bya kondenseri: Quartz cyangwa ibyuma bidafite ingese.

2. Gutunganya imiti + Gukwirakwiza Vacuum

Inzira igenda:

1.

2. Gukuramo ibishishwa: Kuramo SeO₂ mumuti wa Ethanol-amazi, shungura imvura ya TeO₂.

3. Kugabanya: Koresha hydrazine (N₂H₄) kugirango ugabanye SeO₂ kuri seleniyumu yibanze.

4.

5. Kurandura Vacuum Yanyuma: Sukura seleniyumu kuri 300-500 ° C na 1-100 Pa kugirango ugere kuri 6N (99,9999%).

Ibipimo:

- Ubushyuhe bwa Oxidation: 500 ° C.

- Igipimo cya Hydrazine: Birenzeho kugirango ugabanye byuzuye.

3. Kwezwa amashanyarazi

Inzira igenda:

1. Koresha electrolyte (urugero, acide selenous) ifite ubucucike bwa 5-10 A / dm².

2. Selenium ibika kuri cathode, mugihe okiside ya seleniyumu ihindagurika kuri anode.

Ibipimo:

- Ubucucike buriho: 5-10 A / dm²

- Electrolyte: Selenous acide cyangwa selenate igisubizo.

4. Gukuramo ibisubizo

Inzira igenda:

1. Kuramo Se⁴⁺ mubisubizo ukoresheje TBP (tributyl phosphate) cyangwa TOA (trioctylamine) mubitangazamakuru bya hydrochloric cyangwa sulfurike.

2. Kuramo no kugwa seleniyumu, hanyuma usubiremo.

Ibipimo:

- Ibikuramo: TBP (HCl medium) cyangwa TOA (H₂SO₄ medium)

- Umubare w'ibyiciro: 2-3.

5. Gushonga

Inzira igenda:

1. Inshuro nyinshi zone-gushonga seleniyumu kugirango ikureho umwanda.

2. Birakwiriye kugera kuri> 5N ubuziranenge buva mubikoresho byera cyane.

Icyitonderwa: Irasaba ibikoresho kabuhariwe kandi ikoresha ingufu.

Igishushanyo

Kubireba amashusho, reba imibare ikurikira ivuye mubitabo:

- Vacuum Distillation Setup: Igishushanyo cya sisitemu y'ibyiciro bibiri.

- Igishushanyo cya Se-Te Icyiciro: Yerekana ibibazo byo gutandukana kubera ingingo zitetse.

Reba

- Gutandukanya Vacuum nuburyo bwa chimique:

- Gukuramo amashanyarazi na solvent:

- Ubuhanga buhanitse n'ibibazo: