Uburyo bwo gutunganya no gutunganya Arsenic

Uburyo bwo gusya no gutunganya arsenic ni uburyo bukoresha itandukaniro mu guhinduka kwa arsenic n'ibiyigize kugira ngo bitandukane kandi bisukure, cyane cyane bikoreshwa mu gukuraho sulfur, selenium, tellurium n'indi myanda iri muri arsenic.Dore intambwe z'ingenzi n'ibyo ugomba kwitaho:

1.Gutegura mbere y'ibikoresho fatizo

• Inkomoko ya arsenic ishaje: ubusanzwe nk'umusaruro ukomoka ku gushongesha amabuye y'agaciro arimo arsenic (urugero: arsenite, realgar) cyangwa imyanda irimo arsenic ishobora kongera gukoreshwa.
• Guteka mu buryo bwa ogisijeni(Niba ari ngombwa): Niba ibikoresho fatizo ari arsenic sulfide (urugero: As₂S₃), bigomba kubanza gukaranga kugira ngo bihindurwemo As₂O₃ ihindagurika

As2S3 + 9O2 → As2O3 + 3SO2As2 S3 + 9O2 → Nk2​O3​+3SO2​

2.Igice cyo gushyushya

• Ibikoresho: Quartz cyangwa ceramic still (irinda ingese, irinda ubushyuhe bwinshi), ifite umuyoboro wa condenser n'icupa ryo kwakira.
• Uburinzi butagira umumaro: Azote cyangwa dioxyde de carbone bishyirwa mu bikorwa kugira ngo birinde oxidation ya arsenic cyangwa ibyago byo guturika (umwuka wa arsenic urashobora gushya).

3.Uburyo bwo gusya

• Kugenzura ubushyuhe:
  • Ubwinshi bwa Arsenic: As₂O₃ sublimation kuri 500-600 °C (sulimation ya arsenic yonyine kuri 615 °C).
  • Gutandukanya umwanda: imyanda ikura cyane nka sulfur na selenium ikunze kwangirika cyane kandi ishobora gutandukanywa no gushonga mu buryo bugabanyijemo ibice.
• Gukusanya ubushyuhe: Umwuka wa Arsenic wiyongera mu mwuka mwiza cyane As₂O₃ cyangwa arsenic y'ibanze mu gace k'ubushyuhe (100-200°C).).

4.Nyuma yo gutunganya

• Kugabanya(niba ari ngombwa ko arsenic ikoreshwa): Kugabanya As₂O₃ hamwe na karuboni cyangwa hydrogen

As2O3 + 3H2 → 2As + 3H2OAs2 O3 + 3H2 → 2As + 3H2O

• Gusukura mu cyuma gishyushya: gukomeza gusukura arsenic y'ibanze kugira ngo hakurweho imyanda isigaye ihindagurika.

5.Amabwiriza yo Kwirinda

• Kurinda uburozi: Igikorwa cyose ni icy'agateganyo, gifite ibikoresho byo gutahura aho arsenic iva n'ibikoresho byo kuvura byihutirwa.
• Uburyo bwo kuvura imyuka yo mu murizo: Nyuma yo guhumeka, umwuka wo mu mugongo ugomba kwinjizwa na lye (nk'iya NaOH) cyangwa kwinjizwa kwa karuboni kugira ngo hirindwe As₂O₃imyuka ihumanya ikirere.
• Ububiko bw'icyuma cya Arsenic: bibikwa mu kirere kidakora kugira ngo birinde ogisijeni cyangwa deliqueurs.

6. UbwizaGuteza imbere

• Gutunganya imashini mu byiciro byinshi: Gusukura inshuro nyinshi bishobora kongera ubuziranenge kugeza ku kigero kirenga 99.99%.
• Gushonga k'ahantu (Bidakenewe): Gutunganya ahantu hakozwe arsenic kugira ngo bigabanye imyanda y'icyuma.

Amashami yo gusaba

Arsenic yo mu bwoko bwa High-pure ikoreshwa mu bikoresho bya semiconductor (urugero: GaAskristu), inyongeramusaruro z'aloyi, cyangwa mu gukora indorerwamo zidasanzwe. PImiyoboro igomba kubahiriza amabwiriza akaze agenga ibidukikije kugira ngo irinde umutekano kandi itezwe imyanda ikurikije amategeko.